The Parisian club has now won the season-opening cup on fourteen separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side struck twice late to take a shock lead. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital equaliser in the final moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.